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Week of March 4, 2019: Read the Latest Advocacy and Science News

Maturation of the cerebral cortex through adolescence supports cognitive, social, and emotional development. Disruptions of the brain’s normal growth curve, such as accelerated age-related cortical thinning, characterize several neuropsychiatric conditi...

The Society for Neuroscience is announcing the cancellation of Neuroscience 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic that resulted in the Mayor of the District imposing continuing restrictions on large in-person events in the District of Columbia.

Read the five JNeurosci research papers published in May 2019 that generated the most online discussion, as measured by Altmetric.

The Society’s open-access journal, eNeuro, launched almost five years ago and has just published its 1,000th paper! Editor-in-Chief Christophe Bernard reflects on the journal’s growth and says thank you.

Whether it is to our peers, policymakers, or the public, members must continue to share the value and excitement of neuroscience to build support for our research.

The interface barrier between the brain surface and the adjacent meninges is important for regulating exchanges of fluid, protein and immune cells between the CNS and periphery. However, the cell types that form this important interface are not yet fully defined. To address this limitation, we used single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single cell spatial transcriptomics together with morphological lineage tracing and immunostaining to describe the cell types forming the interface barrier of the adult murine cortex. We show that the cortical interface is comprised of three major cell types, leptomeningeal cells, border astrocytes and tissue-resident macrophages. On the non-parenchymal side the interface is comprised of transcriptionally distinct PDGFRα-positive leptomeningeal cells that are intermingled with macrophages. This leptomeningeal layer is lined by a population of transcriptionally distinct border astrocytes. The interface neighborhood is rich in growth factor mRNAs, including many leptomeni...

See the full article on Neuronline.

Early childhood is a critical period showing experience-dependent changes in brain structure and function. The complex link between the structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) of the brain is of particular interest. However, its relationship with both age and attention in early childhood is not well understood. In this study, children between the ages of 4 and 7, and at a 1 year follow-up visit, underwent neuroimaging (diffusion-weighted and passive-viewing functional magnetic resonance imaging) and assessments for selective, sustained, and executive attention. We examined regional graph metrics and SC–FC coupling of the structural and functional networks. Partial least squares was used to investigate longitudinal brain measure changes and cross-sectional associations with age and attention. We observed longitudinal changes in functional graph metrics and age-related decreases in SC modularity. Region-wise graph analyses revealed variable brain–behavior relationships across the brain,...