Human brain modulation during response conflict (e.g. the modified Stroop task) has been studied primarily using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) due to its non-invasive nature. Few studies have examined modulation with intracranial electroe...

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) measures neural activity indirectly by monitoring local changes in blood oxygenation and blood flow. Researchers have used fMRI to understand the role of neuroplasticity in functional recovery after brain inj...

Heavy drinking is a significant public health problem resulting in maladaptive social functioning and adverse health consequences. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and daily smartphone app to examine specific neural an...

Background: Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are used worldwide to enhance magnetic resonance imaging. Postmortem studies have shown that exposure to GBCAs result in Gadolinium (Gd) metal deposition in the brain. While the clinical significance ...

Despite its potential as an addictive drug, nicotine’s system level effect remains elusive. The enhanced cognition during acute nicotine exposure may underlie the rewarding effects that initiate addiction. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of...

Both electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that affective pictures elicit enhanced visual processing relative to neutral pictures. The latency of this enhanced visual processing, as indexed by t...

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare functional connectivity patterns across cortical brain regions utilizing resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) in patients with chronic migraine (CM) before and after treatment...

Neural-based reconstruction of image stimuli has been previously achieved with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data as well as, more recently, with electroencephalography (EEG) data. However, a comparison of different modalities regarding t...

Based on its neuronal uptake and axonal transport in analogy to calcium ions, manganese (Mn2+) has been introduced as a paramagnetic contrast agent for neuroaxonal tract tracing using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Extending previous work on murine brain in situ, this study demonstrates mapping of the visual pathway in living rats (n=6) at 2.35 T (Bruker, DBX). Multiple follow-up examinations at high spatial resolution (195 x 195 x 125μm3) were performed with use of T1-weighted 3D gradient-echo MRI (TR/TE=15/4.2ms, flip angle 25°) at 8h, 24h, 48h, and 72h after intraocular Mn2+ injection (0.1μl of 1M aqueous MnCl2). Best results were obtained at 24h post-injection revealing a continuous pattern of anterograde labeling from the retina, optic nerve, and chiasm to the contralateral optic tract, the dorsal and ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, the superior colliculus and its brachium, the olivary pretectal nucleus, the nucleus of the optic tract, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The approach is expected t...

Saccadic latencies are influenced by what occurred during the previous trial. When the previous trial is an antisaccade, the latencies of both prosaccades and antisaccades are prolonged. The aim of this study was to identify neural correlates of this intertrial effect of antisaccades. Specifically, based on both monkey electrophysiology and human neuroimaging findings, we expected trials preceded by antisaccades to be associated with reduced frontal eye field (FEF) activity relative to those preceded by prosaccades. Twenty-one healthy participants performed pseudorandom sequences of prosaccade and antisaccade trials during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with concurrent monitoring of eye position. We compared activity in trials preceded by an antisaccade with activity in trials preceded by a prosaccade. The primary result was that a previous antisaccade prolonged saccadic latency and reduced fMRI activity in the FEF and other regions. No regions showed increased activity. We interpret the redu...