Previous work has demonstrated that rabbits can develop conditioned inhibition in an instrumental feature-negative discrimination (FND) task, wherein rabbits learn to produce an avoidance response to a visual stimulus (A+) while learning to withhold that response when A+ is presented in compound with an auditory stimulus (X-) (Barnes et al., 2002 SFN Abstract Viewer, Program No. 676.6). The following study investigated the neural correlates of conditioned inhibition by examining associative (training-induced) changes in neuronal activity in various sensory and limbic areas during acquisition of FND. The goal was to identify brain areas in which information about A+ and X- could converge to inhibit the conditioned avoidance response normally elicited by A+ alone. The results pointed to the medial geniculate and anterior ventral nuclei of the thalamus as the strongest candidates for the neural correlates of conditioned inhibition. Other areas exhibiting associative changes in activity included the cingulate ...