Resisting Apoptosis with Δ Np73 Gregory S. Walsh, Nina Orike, David R. Kaplan, and Freda D. Miller (see pages [9638-9647][1]) Young does not always equal hardy, at least in the case of peripheral neurons. Adult sensory neurons in culture do not require trophic factors for survival, and they can

Alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure are commonly found in migraine patients. Here, we employ a longitudinal study of episodic migraine without aura using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) to investigate whether such WM microstructure alterations vary through the different phases of the pain cycle. Fourteen patients with episodic migraine without aura related with menstruation were scanned through four phases of their (spontaneous) migraine cycle (interictal, preictal, ictal, and postictal). Fifteen healthy controls were studied in the corresponding phases of the menstrual cycle. Multishell dMRI data were acquired and preprocessed to obtain maps of diffusion parameters reflecting WM microstructure. After a whole-brain analysis comparing patients with controls, a region-of-interest analysis was performed to determine whether the patients’ microstructural changes varied across the migraine cycle in specific WM tracts. Compared with controls, patients showed reduced axial diffusivity (AD)...

Binocular disparity is an important cue for depth perception. Disparity-sensitive fMRI responses have been reported in a variety of visual cortical regions (Tsao et al., 2003), suggesting that the disparity information is transferred among several areas...

The assessment of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) has become an important tool in studying brain disorders. Here we define functional connectivity as correlations of brain activity between two or more anatomically distinct brain regions with ...

Oscillatory activity in certain rhythms that can describe the behavioral state of an animal can be a potential marker of brain injury in a well-defined neural morphology, such as that of the cerebellum. Brain injuries that result from trauma have long b...

The medial temporal lobe (MTL), which includes the hippocampus and adjacent entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices, plays a critical role in the formation of declarative memories (1). Intracranial electrical stimulation has shown potential...

Introduction: Proprioception is our sense of the position and movement of our limbs. It allows us to know where our limbs are in space so that we can carry out coordinated movements such as reaching. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified human b...

Background: Gait disturbance, clumsiness, and other mild movement problems are often observed in autism spectrum disorder (ASD; Rinehart et al., 2006). This study focused on brain changes that may indicate the neural basis for these motor symptoms that ...

Several studies have demonstrated that memories for painful events are often inaccurate and generally overestimated. The magnitude and direction of the discrepancy between remembered pain and actual pain are dependent upon many factors. Redelmeier and K...

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors that increases the risk of heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and late-life cognitive impairment and dementia. The risk factors include hypertension, elevated resting blood sugar/insulin resistance, h...