Many neuroimaging biomarkers based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or 18-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) have been suggested for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD)/mild cognitive impairment (MCI) detection, which can be roughly c...

Since the eye does not rotate about its center (Clark & Demer, Ophthalmology, 2018), determination of oculorotary torques requires consideration of both tensions & lever arms (LAs) of extraocular muscles (EOMs). We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ...

Objective Gray matter (GM) volume changes in schizophrenia patients (SCZ) have been demonstrated by meta-analyses of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, which indicated the possibility of classification of SCZ and healthy controls (CON)...

Here, we present the findings of a number of MRI studies examining the function of the hippocampus. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), resting state connectivity (rsfMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were used to map the activation, and...

It is not known how the brain decides to act on moving objects. We demonstrated previously that neurons in the macaque supplementary eye field (SEF) reflect the rule of ocular baseball, a go/nogo task in which eye movements signal the rule-guided interpretation of the trajectory of a target. In ocular baseball, subjects must decide whether to pursue a moving spot target with an eye movement after discriminating whether the target will cross a distal, visible line segment. Here we identify cortical regions active during the ocular baseball task using event-related human functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and concurrent eye-movement monitoring. Task-related activity was observed in the SEF, the frontal eye field (FEF), the superior parietal lobule (SPL), and the right ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). The SPL and right VLPFC showed heightened activity only during ocular baseball, despite identical stimuli and oculomotor demands in the control task, implicating these areas in the decision pro...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of primary olfactory cortex (POC) has yielded inconsistent results. Odorant-induced POC activity is present at times and absent at others even within the same lab using the same task. Most statistical models used in analysis of fMRI data rely on two assumptions: 1. a monotonic transform from quantity of stimulus to quantity of neural activity, and 2. a linear transform from quantity of neural activity to quantity of MR signal. Whereas the latter has been demonstrated for MR (Boynton et al., 1996), the former has not been demonstrated for POC. Models of temporal encoding, unlike rate-encoding models of olfaction, imply no monotonic transform from quantity of stimulus to quantity of neural activity in POC. Thus, fMRI is potentially invalid as a measure of POC activity under temporal encoding models. To address this we set out to quantify the stimulus intensity-dependence in POC. An olfactometer was used to generate high and low concentrations of the odorants citra...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, which is considered to be important along with the emergence of a population aging society. Despite of recent advances in amyloid PET imaging to measure beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in living...

Healthy aging preferentially affects selected gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) brain regions and has been widely studied using univariate analysis methods. Multivariate network analysis of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data may poten...

Spinal cord injuries (SCI) are devastating neuropathologies that yield to major handicaps from minimal sensory deficits to complete tetraplegia. Currently, there is no effective treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive method widely...

Following spinal cord injury (SCI), assessment of white matter integrity is crucial to evaluate the potential of motor rehabilitation. To date, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) derived from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the only tool allowing ...