Despite the structural difference between the unlaminated avian brain and the laminated mammalian brain, there are striking parallels between the two species in function. Recent research on cognitive functions along with neurobiological discoveries in t...

The amyloid precursor protein (APP), the precursor to Aβ plaques,, mediates cargo-motor attachments for axonal transport. In APP KO mice transport is decreased. In old transgenic mice expressing mutated human (APPSwInd) linked to Familial Alzheimer’s Di...

One of the most striking endeavors in neuroscience is the accomplishment of a comprehensive functional representation of the human brain in which models concerning its organization could be derived from neuroimaging data. Many studies have extensively a...

Animal models treated with agricultural chemicals, such as rotenone, reproduce several degenerative features of human central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Glutamate is the most abundant excitatory amino acid transmitter in the mammalian central nervou...

Computations performed by a given cortical region are a product of its underlying cytoarchitecture and likely sculpted through development. Yet, how does cortical tissue change as brain function and behavior improve from childhood to adulthood? Human hi...

Introduction: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are frequent in aging individuals and are known to affect cognition, balance, and gait. However, the affects of WMHs on upper-limb performance are unknown. Methods: The KINARM robot was used for 4 upper-...

Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg), natural antibodies collected from the plasma of thousands of healthy blood donors, are currently being tested for efficacy in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Its ability to target different pathological mar...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive movement disorder, linked to a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and reduced dopamine in the striatum. Recently, two promising non-invasive biomarkers have been established for p...

Introduction: We present a nonmagnetic Plexiglas stereotaxic localizer box that can be fitted directly to the pig skull by aluminum screws, allowing stereotaxic MRI or ventriculography and subsequent high-precision stereotaxic procedures. Methods: The localizer box was used to target the subthalamic nucleus (STN) bilaterally in 5 female Göttingen minipigs. Stereotaxic markers were inserted in the pig skull, the head fixated in the localizer box by aluminum screws inserted bilaterally in the zygoma bone with the hard palate locked on a horizontal palate holder. MRI was obtained on a 3T-MR-imager revealing the relation between the inserted markers and the estimated STN-position, and thus the target coordinates. After the MRI a stereotaxic frame with attached micromanipulator was locked on to the localizer box converting it into a stereotaxic device. The stereotaxic markers were exposed and used as starting point for the stereotaxic procedure, whereby a microelectrode for electrolytic lesioning was inserted i...

Tideglusib, a glycogen synthase kinase β inhibitor, is predicted to alleviate autism-related symptoms, increase neurogenesis and memory formation (Guo et al.2012, Hermida et al. 2017). In this study, we treated five different autism mouse models with Ti...