NMDA antagonists and/or GABA agonists (NAGAs) include numerous drugs that the developing brain may be exposed during medical treatment or as a result of drug abuse (e.g., sedatives, anesthetics, alcohol). Previous animal research has established that de...

Investigation of brains of non-human primate brain provides us an essential cue to understand the human brain and to develop therapeutic strategies for human psychiatric/neurological disorders. Thus, mapping the brain of a small New World monkey, the co...

Independence after stroke depends largely on the recovery of motor function. Accurate prediction of motor recovery may help clinicians and patients manage expectations, set realistic rehabilitation goals, and use their resources efficiently. However, ac...

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been widely used for mapping blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals as a marker of neuronal activity in the conscious human and nonhuman primate brain. Our group has reported mapping drug-induced changes in the basal ganglia by multiple gradient recalled echo fMRI in anesthetized as well as in alert rhesus monkeys. In addition to extensive demands placed on training and animal handling, new techniques of data analysis and statistical assessment are required to appropriately evaluate the pharmacological response as measured by MRI in alert animals. In this study we examined the use of robust multivariate statistical methods such as principal component analysis (PCA). These methods are data driven and make no a priori assumptions about timing or dynamic nature of the drug-induced temporal response. However, since they are based on variance summaries, the resulting principal components of the response are heavily influenced by the presence of aberrant or s...

Keeping and appropriate distance from the surrounding world is a defensive mechanism that helps to prevent injuries (Graziano & Cooke, 2006) and ensures the preservation of personal space boundaries (Hayduk, 1983). Research has shown that atypical perso...

Background. Cognitive problems following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are common. The heterogeneous nature of TBI means that the basis of these cognitive deficits is likely to be multi-factorial. Previous studies show dopaminergic dysfunction following ...

The HFE protein is critical in the regulation of cellular iron uptake. Mutations within this protein cause increased iron accumulation within parenchymal cells. One HFE mutation, H63D, has been shown to be increased in neurodegenerative diseases, such a...

The rostral migratory stream (RMS) is the main pathway by which newly born subventricular zone (SVZ) cells reach the olfactory bulb in rodents. However, the RMS in the adult human brain has been elusive. Furthermore, migratory progenitor cells have not ...

Endophenotypes (intermediate phenotypes) are objective, heritable quantitative traits hypothesised to represent genetic risk for polygenic disorders at more biologically tractable levels than distal behavioural and clinical phenotypes. It is theorised t...

Age-related memory deficits have been linked to differences in medial temporal lobe (MTL) structure, including limbic white matter (WM) microstructure and hippocampal (HC) volume. However, despite their functional and anatomical interdependence, the com...